新时代我国师范教育改革的几个关键问题
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Key Issues in China’s Normal EducationReform in New Era
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    摘要:

    推进新时代师范教育改革,提升师范教育质量,不仅关系到国民教育和普通教育良莠,还攸关国家和民族未来。当前,我国师范教育领域存在的关键问题在于:教师资格考试及认定制度存在缺陷,开放性教师教育体系并不能有效解决教师来源和专业化发展问题;师范生培养规模过大、教师编制短缺造成师范生“产能过剩”,区域性、学段性短缺等结构性问题仍旧突出;师范生培养目标师范性弱化及培养过程存在学科与教育专业割裂、教育实践效能低、师德教育薄弱等问题,师范生培养质量颇受诟病;师范生培养模式表现出一定的封闭性,U-G-S培养模式尚未完全落实;重视教师职业工具价值的倾向明显,专业性广受质疑,职业吸引力不强。面对新时代我国师范教育领域存在的问题,必须首先明确师范教育的根本属性,构建专业性教师教育体系;控制师范生总体规模、调整类型结构、提高培养质量,实现供需相对平衡;以培育教师职业核心素养为根本导向,提升师范生培养质量;坚持协同育人,推动U-G-S模式落地运行,优化师范生培养模式;落实国家教师教育政策,重塑教师职业的社会角色期待,彰显师范生培养成效,增强教师职业吸引力。

    Abstract:

    Promoting the reform of normal education in the new era and improving its quality are not only related to national educa- tion and general education,but also to the future of the country and the nation. The keyissues in the field of normal education lies in: teacher qualification examination and certification system have problems,the open teacher education system can’t effectively solve the problem of teacher sources and professional development; excessive training scale of normal students and shortage of teachers result in the overcapacity of normal students,structural problems such as regional and school shortages are still prominent; the training objec- tives of normal students are weakened and the cultivation process has problems such as the separation of discipline and pedagogy,inad- equate innovative education,low efficiency in educational practice,and weak teacher ethics education,the quality of normal students’ cultivation is quite criticized; the cultivation mode for normal students shows a certain degree of closure,and the U - G - S cultivation mode has not been fully implemented; the tendency to attach importance to the value of teachers professional tools is obvious,the pro- fessionalism is widely questioned,and the professional attraction is not strong. Facing those problems mentioned above,it’s necessary to clarify the basic attributes of teacher education and construct a professional teacher education system; control the overall scale of normal students,adjust the type structure,improve the quality of normal students cultivation,and achieve a relative balance between supply and demand; take the cultivation of teachers’core literacy as the fundamental orientation to improve the quality of normal students cul- tivation; Persist in collaborative education,promote the fundamental realization of the U - G - S training model,and optimize the culti- vation mode of normal students; implement the national teacher education policy,reshape the social role expectations of the teacher profession,demonstrate the effectiveness of normal students cultivation,and enhance the attractiveness of the teacher profession.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-01-28
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  • 在线发布日期: 2023-08-23
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