Higher science education is an important symbol of the development level of science and education. It is also an impor- tant factor in economic development and scientific and technological progress,and it has an important strategic position. This paper sorts out the history of the reform and development of higher science education since the founding of the People’s Republic of China. It is proposed that higher science education should deal with the relationship between the scale of talent cultivation and social needs,the relationship between foundation and application,the relationship between science and other disciplines,the relationship between all students and top students,improving the quality of higher science talent training.