The analysis of scientific research benefits in higher education institutions is a critical basis to measure the efficiency of scientific research in colleges and universities. It also has profound practical significance to the resources allocation on university scien- tific research. However,a broad consensus hasn't reached in the current academic circles on analysis methods of the scientific research benefit. Based on the data of college R&D resources investigation from 2009 to 2016 in China statistical yearbook on science and tech- nology,by modeling the extended C - D production function and provincial panel data models,we analyze the relationship between R&D Investments and outputs as well as its regional differences and draw two conclusions. On one hand,different investment structures have different influences on the scientific research output; on the other hand,R&D efficiency is significantly different annually and re- gionally. Therefore,it is suggested that the universities should optimize the allocation structure of scientific research funds,pay more attention on human capital input,implement the multiple evaluation index system and balance the regional differences of scientific re- search resources.