The governance of Peking University in the era of CAI Yuan - pei was a complex process. Professorial governance was produced in the soil of the West Universities. However,it encountered dilemmas in China’s universities. In the process of transaction management and decision - making,the professor community has different positions,with a series of contradictions and conflicts.“The contradiction between old and new”was not only the contradiction between old people and new people,but also the contradictions new culture and old culture. “The personnel dispute”was mainly around the post of provost. In addition,because of Bad inside economic and outside political factors,the professor community began to split. In a large sense,the stable development of Peking University and the cooperation of Professor Community were due to CAI Yuan - pei’s personal appeal. As a result of CAI Yuan - pei’s leaving,this “Charisma effect”vanished into nothing.